Common Identifiers

Common Files

Look at:

• robots.txt

• .well-known/apple-app-site-association

  • This is used by pretty much every website that has a corresponding Apple mobile app tied to it

Headers

View HTTP headers to see if they tell you something.

For HTTP headers:

netcat [ip or domain] [port]
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: [ip or domain]

For HTTPS headers:

openssl s_client -connect [ip or domain]:443
GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: [ip or domain]

If requests don't come back like they do in the browser (e.g 403 instead of 404), there might be a WAF (web application firewall) installed. In that case, mimic the browser and send a user-agent string and other parameters.

Tip: You can copy a request as a curl request from firefox's network tab.

Interesting Headers:

• X-Frame-Options

  • Might prevent you from doing clickjacking attacks

• Content-Security-Policy

  • Can protect against some exploits, depending on security policy.

Confirm Use of PHP

Taken from this documentation about how to hide PHP usage.

PHP Easter Eggs

Note: ONLY WORKS BEFORE PHP5.5

If expose_php hasn't been set to off in the Apache conf file (which also hides .php extensions), then you can put this as an argument to get php info: ?=PHPB8B5F2A0-3C92-11d3-A3A9-4C7B08C10000 . There are also other easter eggs.

Default Headers

The PHP session ID cookie's name defaults to "PHPSESSIONID".

The website might have "X-powered by PHP" in a HTTP response header.

Vendor Identifiers

If the site you are looking at has been created by a third party vendor, you might see a variant of “Powered by Third-Party-Developer-Company” somewhere at the bottom of the home page.

Use this to see what types of frameworks and version numbers they use.

If the vendor is a software development company, they may have left behind an admin user or test account for customer support purposes. When enumerating usernames, you can take this into account. For example, if the contractor company was called “Example Developers” then try 001Example, Example001, 00example, example00 and so on